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 Powered
Industrial Trucks: OSHA
Requirements
Companies under
federal jurisdiction must comply
with Federal OSHA Occupational Safety
and Health Standards for general
industry (29
CFR 1910). Many states have developed
approved State
Occupational Safety and Health Plans.
If you live in a State Plan state,
you must comply with specific state
requirements. Visit State
Occupational Safety and Health Plans to
verify your state's status and search
for standards that may apply to you.
The National
Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health (NIOSH) investigations
of forklift-related deaths indicate
that many workers and employers may
not be aware of the risks of operating
or working near forklifts. Many individuals
are not following the procedures
set forth in the OSHA standards,
consensus standards, or equipment
manufacturer's guidelines.
Generally, reducing the risk of forklift incidents
requires comprehensive worker training, systematic
traffic management, a safe work environment, a safe
forklift, and safe work practices. The primary OSHA
standard is [1910.178], Powered Industrial Trucks.
However, this standard incorporates by reference a
number of other OSHA standards as well as industry
standards describing truck design, approval, and labeling:
- General
Design and Construction
Standards
[1910.178(a)(2)]
- All
new powered industrial
trucks acquired and used
by an employer after
the effective date specified
in paragraph (b) of 1910.182
shall meet the design
and construction requirements
for powered industrial
trucks established in
the "American National
Standard for Powered
Industrial Trucks, Part
II, ANSI B56.1-1969",
which is incorporated
by reference as specified
in Sec. 1910.6, except
for vehicles intended
primarily for earth moving
or over-the-road hauling.
See [ASME
B56.1] for the current
version.
- Labeling
[1910.178(a)(3)]
- Approved
trucks shall bear a label
or some other identifying
mark indicating approval
by the testing laboratory.
See paragraph (a)(7)
of this section and paragraph
405 of "American National
Standard for Powered
Industrial Trucks, Part
II, ANSI B56.1-1969",
which is incorporated
by reference in paragraph
(a)(2) of this section
and which provides that
if the powered industrial
truck is accepted by
a nationally recognized
testing laboratory it
should be so marked.
See [ASME
B56.1] for the current
version.
- Approved
Truck
[1910.178(a)(7)]
- As
used in this section,
the term, "approved truck" or "approved
industrial truck" means
a truck that is listed
or approved for fire
safety purposes for the
intended use by a nationally
recognized testing laboratory,
using nationally recognized
testing standards. Refer
to 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(A)
for definition of nationally
recognized testing laboratory.
See [1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(A)]
for the scope and application
of the fire protection
subpart.
- Storage
and Handling of Liquid
Fuels
[1910.178(f)(1)]
- The
storage and handling
of liquid fuels such
as gasoline and diesel
fuel shall be in accordance
with NFPA Flammable and
Combustible Liquids Code
(NFPA 30-1969), which
is incorporated by reference
as specified in Sec.
1910.6. See [NFPA
30] for the current
version.
- Storage
and Handling of Liquid
Petroleum Gas
[1910.178(f)(2)]
- The
storage and handling
of liquefied petroleum
gas fuel shall be in
accordance with NFPA
Storage and Handling
of Liquefied Petroleum
Gases (NFPA 58-1969),
which is incorporated
by reference as specified
in Sec. 1910.6. See [NFPA
58] for the current
version.
- Carbon
Monoxide Levels
[1910.178(i)(1)]
- Concentration
levels of carbon monoxide
gas created by powered
industrial truck operations
shall not exceed the
levels specified in [1910.1000].
- Dockboards
[1910.178(j)]
- Hazardous
Classified Locations
STD
1-11.6A - Disparity Between 29 CFR 1910.178(c)(2)(vii)
and Table N-1, 29
CFR 1910.178(c)(2) OSHA Directive (1979,
February 19)
- NFPA
No. 505-1969, is the
source standard for 29
CFR 1910.178(b), (c)
and (d). However, OSHA
by 29 CFR 1910.178(c)(2)(vii),
chose not to permit these
designated industrial
trucks for use in all
Class II, Division 2,
locations. Their acronyms,
nevertheless, were inadvertently
left in the Table when
the NFPA Table 1 became
OSHA Table N-1. See [NFPA
505] for the current
version.
The
specific OSHA requirements that apply
to employers who use powered industrial
trucks are separated into the following
activities:
For
additional information by
industry sector, see Frequently
Cited OSHA Standards.
Revised:
26 August 2003
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